讲解IRDM 2020编程、c/c++，Python，CS程序设计辅导
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IRDM 2020
An information retrieval model is an essential component for many applications (e.g. search,
question answering and recommendation). Your task in this project is to develop an information
retrieval model that solves the problem of passage retrieval, i.e., a model that can
effectively and efficiently return a ranked list of short texts (i.e. passages) relevant to a given
query.
This is an individual project, so everyone is expected to submit their own code and project
reports. This is the first part of a larger project, which consists of two components. In the
second part of the project, we will be building upon this first part and will be working on
building more advanced retrieval models.
In this part of the assignment, our final goal is to build a passage re-ranking system:
Given a candidate list of passages to a query (that have already been retrieved using some
initial retrieval model that we have developed), re-rank these candidate passages using the
retrieval models specified in the assignment.
2 Data
The dataset you will be using is available through this url. Our dataset consists of 3 files:
• test-queries.tsv is a tab separated file, where each row contains a query ID (qid) and
the query (i.e., query text).
• passage_collection.txt contains passages in our collection where each row is a passage.
• candidate_passages_top1000.tsv is a tab separated file, containing initial rankings that
contain 1000 passages for each of the given queries in file test-queries.tsv. The format
of this file is, where qid is the query ID, pid is the ID of
the passage retrieved, query is the query text and passage is the passage text, all tab
separated. Figure 1 shows some sample rows from the file.
1
IRDM Course Project Part I
IRDM 2020
February 12, 2021
Figure 1: Sample rows from candidate_passages_top1000.tsv file
3 Subtasks
The course project involves several subtasks that are required to be solved. The four subtasks
of this project are described below.
1. Text Statistics (20 marks). Perform any type of pre-processing on the collection as
you think is required. Implement a function that counts the frequency of terms from
the provided dataset, plot the distribution of term frequencies and verify if they follow
Zipf’s law. Report the values of the parameters for Zipf’s law for this collection. You
need to use the full collection (file named passage_collection.txt) for this question.
Generate a plot that shows how the results you get using the model based on Zipf’s
law compare with the values you get from the actual collection.
2. Inverted Index (20 marks). Build an inverted index for the collection so that you can
retrieve passages from the initial set of candidate passages in an efficient way. To
implement an effective inverted index, you may consider storing additional information
such as term frequency and term position. Report what type of information you have
stored in your inverted index. Since your task in this project is to focus on re-ranking
candidate passages you were given for each query, you can generate a separate index
for each query by using the candidate list of passages you are provided with for each
query (using the file candidate_passages_top1000.tsv ).
3. Retrieval Models (30 marks). Extract the tf-idf vector representations of the passages
using the inverted index you have constructed. Implement the vector space model and
BM25 using your own implementation and retrieve 100 passages from within the 1000
candidate passages for each query. For both the vector space model and BM25, submit
the 100 passages you have retrieved in sorted order (sorted in decreasing order – passage
with the top score should be at the top) for both models.
4. Retrieval Models, Language Modelling (30 marks). Implement the query likelihood
language model with i) Dirichlet smoothing, where µ = 2000, ii) Laplace smoothing,
and iii) Lindstone correction with = 0.5 using your own implementation and retrieve
2
IRDM Course Project Part I
IRDM 2020
February 12, 2021
100 passages from within the 1000 candidate passages for each query. For all three
smoothing variants, submit the 100 passages you have retrieved in sorted order (sorted
in decreasing order – passage with the top score should be at the top) for both models.
Which smoothing version do you expect to work better? Explain.
You should have one file per model (named VS.txt and BM25.txt, LM-Dirichlet.txt,
LM-Laplace.txt, LM-Lindstone.txt, respectively), where the format of the file is:
...
The width of columns in the format is not important, but it is important to have exactly
six columns per line with at least one space between the columns. In this format:
- The first column is the query number.
- The second column is currently unused and should always be “A1”, to refer to the
fact that this is your submission for Assignment 1.
- The third column is the passage identifier.
- The fourth column is the rank the passage/document is retrieved (starting from 1,
down to 100).
- The fifth column shows the score (integer or floating point) of the model that generated
the ranking.
- The sixth column refers to the algorithm you used for retrieval (would either be VS
or BM25, depending on which model you used) .
4 Submission
You are expected to submit all the codes you have implemented for text pre-processing, Zipf’s
law, inverted index, and retrieval models. All the code should be your own and you are not
allowed to reuse any code that is available from someone/somewhere else. You are allowed
to use both Python and Java as the programming language.
Additionally, you should also submit five files that contain the retrieval results of the
vector space model, BM25 model and language models with the three different smoothing
variants in the format that was described above.
You are also expected to submit a written report whose size should not exceed 4 pages,
including references. Your report should describe the work you have done for each of the
aforementioned steps. Specifically, your report should consist of the following:
3
IRDM Course Project Part I
IRDM 2020
February 12, 2021
1. Describe how you perform the text pre-processing and justify why text pre-processing
is required.
2. Explain how you implement Zipf’s law, provide a plot comparing your model with
the actual collection and report the values of the parameters for Zipf’s law for this
collection.
3. Explain how you implemented the inverted index, what information you have stored
and justify why you decided to store that information.
4. Describe how you implemented the vector space and BM25 models, and what parameters
you have used for BM25.
5. Describe how you implemented the language models, and how you expect their performance
to compare with each other.
You are required to use the SIGIR 2020 style template for your report. You can either
use LaTeX or Microsoft Word templates available from the ACM Website 1
(use the “sigconf”
proceedings template). Please do not change the template (e.g. reducing or increasing the
font size, margins, etc.).
5 Deadline
The deadline for this part of the assignment is 4:00pm on 23 March 2021 (based on
GMT timezone). All the material will be submitted via Moodle.
1https://www.acm.org/publications/proceedings-template
4
IRDM 2020
An information retrieval model is an essential component for many applications (e.g. search,
question answering and recommendation). Your task in this project is to develop an information
retrieval model that solves the problem of passage retrieval, i.e., a model that can
effectively and efficiently return a ranked list of short texts (i.e. passages) relevant to a given
query.
This is an individual project, so everyone is expected to submit their own code and project
reports. This is the first part of a larger project, which consists of two components. In the
second part of the project, we will be building upon this first part and will be working on
building more advanced retrieval models.
In this part of the assignment, our final goal is to build a passage re-ranking system:
Given a candidate list of passages to a query (that have already been retrieved using some
initial retrieval model that we have developed), re-rank these candidate passages using the
retrieval models specified in the assignment.
2 Data
The dataset you will be using is available through this url. Our dataset consists of 3 files:
• test-queries.tsv is a tab separated file, where each row contains a query ID (qid) and
the query (i.e., query text).
• passage_collection.txt contains passages in our collection where each row is a passage.
• candidate_passages_top1000.tsv is a tab separated file, containing initial rankings that
contain 1000 passages for each of the given queries in file test-queries.tsv. The format
of this file is
the passage retrieved, query is the query text and passage is the passage text, all tab
separated. Figure 1 shows some sample rows from the file.
1
IRDM Course Project Part I
IRDM 2020
February 12, 2021
Figure 1: Sample rows from candidate_passages_top1000.tsv file
3 Subtasks
The course project involves several subtasks that are required to be solved. The four subtasks
of this project are described below.
1. Text Statistics (20 marks). Perform any type of pre-processing on the collection as
you think is required. Implement a function that counts the frequency of terms from
the provided dataset, plot the distribution of term frequencies and verify if they follow
Zipf’s law. Report the values of the parameters for Zipf’s law for this collection. You
need to use the full collection (file named passage_collection.txt) for this question.
Generate a plot that shows how the results you get using the model based on Zipf’s
law compare with the values you get from the actual collection.
2. Inverted Index (20 marks). Build an inverted index for the collection so that you can
retrieve passages from the initial set of candidate passages in an efficient way. To
implement an effective inverted index, you may consider storing additional information
such as term frequency and term position. Report what type of information you have
stored in your inverted index. Since your task in this project is to focus on re-ranking
candidate passages you were given for each query, you can generate a separate index
for each query by using the candidate list of passages you are provided with for each
query (using the file candidate_passages_top1000.tsv ).
3. Retrieval Models (30 marks). Extract the tf-idf vector representations of the passages
using the inverted index you have constructed. Implement the vector space model and
BM25 using your own implementation and retrieve 100 passages from within the 1000
candidate passages for each query. For both the vector space model and BM25, submit
the 100 passages you have retrieved in sorted order (sorted in decreasing order – passage
with the top score should be at the top) for both models.
4. Retrieval Models, Language Modelling (30 marks). Implement the query likelihood
language model with i) Dirichlet smoothing, where µ = 2000, ii) Laplace smoothing,
and iii) Lindstone correction with = 0.5 using your own implementation and retrieve
2
IRDM Course Project Part I
IRDM 2020
February 12, 2021
100 passages from within the 1000 candidate passages for each query. For all three
smoothing variants, submit the 100 passages you have retrieved in sorted order (sorted
in decreasing order – passage with the top score should be at the top) for both models.
Which smoothing version do you expect to work better? Explain.
You should have one file per model (named VS.txt and BM25.txt, LM-Dirichlet.txt,
LM-Laplace.txt, LM-Lindstone.txt, respectively), where the format of the file is:
...
The width of columns in the format is not important, but it is important to have exactly
six columns per line with at least one space between the columns. In this format:
- The first column is the query number.
- The second column is currently unused and should always be “A1”, to refer to the
fact that this is your submission for Assignment 1.
- The third column is the passage identifier.
- The fourth column is the rank the passage/document is retrieved (starting from 1,
down to 100).
- The fifth column shows the score (integer or floating point) of the model that generated
the ranking.
- The sixth column refers to the algorithm you used for retrieval (would either be VS
or BM25, depending on which model you used) .
4 Submission
You are expected to submit all the codes you have implemented for text pre-processing, Zipf’s
law, inverted index, and retrieval models. All the code should be your own and you are not
allowed to reuse any code that is available from someone/somewhere else. You are allowed
to use both Python and Java as the programming language.
Additionally, you should also submit five files that contain the retrieval results of the
vector space model, BM25 model and language models with the three different smoothing
variants in the format that was described above.
You are also expected to submit a written report whose size should not exceed 4 pages,
including references. Your report should describe the work you have done for each of the
aforementioned steps. Specifically, your report should consist of the following:
3
IRDM Course Project Part I
IRDM 2020
February 12, 2021
1. Describe how you perform the text pre-processing and justify why text pre-processing
is required.
2. Explain how you implement Zipf’s law, provide a plot comparing your model with
the actual collection and report the values of the parameters for Zipf’s law for this
collection.
3. Explain how you implemented the inverted index, what information you have stored
and justify why you decided to store that information.
4. Describe how you implemented the vector space and BM25 models, and what parameters
you have used for BM25.
5. Describe how you implemented the language models, and how you expect their performance
to compare with each other.
You are required to use the SIGIR 2020 style template for your report. You can either
use LaTeX or Microsoft Word templates available from the ACM Website 1
(use the “sigconf”
proceedings template). Please do not change the template (e.g. reducing or increasing the
font size, margins, etc.).
5 Deadline
The deadline for this part of the assignment is 4:00pm on 23 March 2021 (based on
GMT timezone). All the material will be submitted via Moodle.
1https://www.acm.org/publications/proceedings-template
4