代写ARC181H1S L0101 Technologies of Architecture, Landscape, Urbanism and Art I Winter 2024代写数据结构语言程序

Winter 2024

UNDERGRADUATE COURSE OUTLINE

COURSE CODE: ARC181H1S L0101

COURSE TITLE: Technologies of Architecture, Landscape, Urbanism and Art I

COURSE DESCRIPTION:

...ideas are not stockpiled in heaven to be contemplated by philosophy...new ideas are constantly appearing in the heat of theory’s battle against a raw, resistant world.

—Vilém Flusser

...a city is hardware, in all senses. —Reinhold Martin

This course is intended to introduce undergraduate students to the history and theory of technics as it relates to all design disciplines.  It is thematically organized; rather than pursue a progressive and

historicist narrative of the development of ever-more sophisticated technologies and then chart those in the progression of architectural “styles,” the course will follow a method that describes all cultural

artifacts—including, especially, architecture, landscape, urbanism, and art—as in and of themselves

technical.  They are the product of highly articulated techniques; they are always not simply things but  also media; and, lastly, their continued significance depends entirely upon their repeated re-mediation.

The course is organized into four sections, each of which identify certain technical functions

characteristic of design techniques: (re)producing (which includes planning, mapping, writing, copying,  and mass producing); lifting (which includes building, ornamenting, mining, and harvesting), depicting  (which includes all manner of representational techniques), and moving (which includes infrastructures, corporate formations, and machinery for reducing what economists call “transaction costs”).

Throughout the course, the central focus of the course will be on beginning to understand the

basic, constitutive elements of knowledge that constitute architecture; however, whenever appropriate,

lectures and discussion sections will treat highly significant artifacts from the history of landscape,

urbanism, art, and various industrial and infrastructural products that are not usually classed with the first four categories.

Course Objectives

By the conclusion of the course, students will have a broad familiarity with the main lines of technical development in the history of architecture, landscape, urbanism, and art, including the economic,

philosophical and aesthetic concepts underpinning those developments.  They will also possess

rudimentary knowledge of technical and architectural historiography, be able to maintain a rigorously

organized annotated bibliography of the assigned readings, and be capable of producing a clear précis of a complex text.

Assignments and Important Dates

In addition to completing all of the assigned readings for the course, attending lectures and discussion sections, there are two main assignments for the course: 1. an annotated bibliography of all assigned required readings (noted in the schedule of classes below and marked with an asterisk); and 2. two précis on any of two assigned or recommended readings listed in the schedule of classes below.  More precise instructions on these assignments will be given in class, and guidelines for how to complete both assignments will be issued in the second week of class.

There will also be a midterm exam, administered during tutorial, which will be composed of multiple choice questions based upon the content of lectures and readings.

Attendance will be kept by the teaching assistants.  Each student must sign in at each lecture and discussion section after the first lecture (i.e. attendance will be kept from Weeks 2 through 12).  Any more than two unexcused absences will result in a failing grade in the course.  An excused absence is given only if the student notifies his or her assigned teaching assistant in advance of the course session to be missed, or if the student presents written evidence for her/his absence (e.g. from a medical professional, academic advisor, etc.).

A list of all sessional dates can be found at: https://daniels.calendar.utoronto.ca/sessional-dates

For any and all discrepancies between the schedule of classes below and the dates listed on the website, please consider the website to be correct.

General Note on Evaluation

Evaluation will be carried out in accordance with the University Assessment and Grading Practices Policy. Please refer to the policy located on the governing council website:

http://www.governingcouncil.utoronto.ca/Governing_Council/policies.htm#G

Evaluation

In addition to basic participation in the course (i.e., completing the assigned readings, attending class

meetings, and contributing to class discussions), there are two primary assignments for the course, each of which is described in greater detail in an appendix to this course outline.

Fulfillment of the basic participation requirement counts for 25% of each student’s grade in the course.

The first assignment is an annotated bibliography, which is an organized bibliography accompanied  by specific notes on the text.  This should be maintained throughout the course of the semester, and will be evaluated on the following basis: 1. Does the annotated bibliography conform to the bibliographic

standards laid out in The Chicago Manual of Style. (15th  or 16th  ed.)? 2. Does the annotated bibliography contain notes for each required reading in the schedule of classes?  No qualitative assessment of the

notes will figure in the assessment of the grade.  The annotated bibliography counts for 25% of each student’s grade in the course.

The second assignment is to produce, by the end of the term, two separate précis of two separate texts from the required or recommended reading for the course.  The length of the précis depends somewhat upon the overall length of the text being summarized, but as a rule the précis should be no longer than three pages, double-spaced, 12 pt. font.  Specific guidelines on précis writing will be distributed in the second week of the class, and both the professor and the teaching assistants will also devote class time to discussing how best to write an effective précis.  The two précis count for 25% of each student’s grade in the course.

The midterm exam counts for 25% of each student’s grade in the course.

Late Work

All assignments are due in class or submitted via e-mail at the specified time and date.  Late submission will result in a 10% deduction of each assignment’s total grade per business day (excluding weekends).  In the case of illness or other special circumstance, notification should be given to the professor and the

Registrar as soon as possible and before the deadline in question; where required, the official University of Toronto Verification of Student Illness or Injury form. should be submitted.

Final Due Date

Students are not permitted to submit work past the 12 April 2018 deadline unless they have formally (i.e. in writing) requested and received special permission from the Daniels Faculty administration to do so.

There is no guarantee that the professor will approve such a request, but every provision will be granted under the appropriate circumstances.

Preparedness at UofT

Students are advised to consult the University’s preparedness site (http://www.preparedness.utoronto.ca) for information and regular updates regarding procedures for emergency planning.

ACCESSIBILITY NEEDS:

Accessibility Services provides academic accommodations in collaboration with students, staff and faculty to support students with documented disabilities in equal opportunities to achieve academic and co-curricular success. If you are a student who identifies with one or more of the broad categories below, we encourage you to register with Accessibility Services (http://www.accessibility.utoronto.ca/). For any questions or assistance, please see the staff in the Office of the Registrar and Student Services.

•           Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

•           Autism Spectrum Disorder

•            Brain Injury and Concussion

•            Chronic Health

•            Deaf and Hard of Hearing

•            Learning Disability

•           Mental Health

•            Mobility and Functional

•            Low Vision / Legally Blind

•            Temporary Injuries

ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND WRITING SUPPORT:

The University of Toronto expects its students to write well, and it provides a number of resources to help.

Please consult the University of Toronto writing site (http://www.writing.utoronto.ca/) for advice and answers to your questions about writing. Please pay special attention to:

Advice on Writing: Academic Writing

Reading and Using Sources: How Not to Plagiarize

The University of Toronto’s Code of Behavior. on Academic Matters states that: “It shall be an offence for a student knowingly:

…

(d) to represent as one’s own any idea or expression of an idea or work of another in any academic examination or term test or in connection with any other form of academic work, i.e, to commit

plagiarism.”

The Code also states: “Wherever in the Code an offence is described as depending on ‘knowing,’ the offence shall likewise be deemed to have been committed if the person ought reasonably to have known.”

For information about academic integrity at the University of Toronto, please see www.academicintegrity.utoronto.ca

The Writing Centre at the John H. Daniels Faculty of Architecture, Landscape, and Design

(http://www.daniels.utoronto.ca/resources/writing-program) is a resource for Daniels students seeking assistance with academic writing through tutorials and individual consultations. During the summer,

appointments are available only on Thursdays.  Students may access the online appointment booking system at: https://awc.wdw.utoronto.ca

Housed in 63 St. George Street, within the School of Graduate Studies, English Language and Writing Support (ELWS) provides graduate students with advanced training in academic writing and speaking; see the SGS website at: http://www.sgs.utoronto.ca/english/. For advice on Academic Writing, see the website:  http://www.writing.utoronto.ca/advice.

Daniels Faculty Writing Program, please contact [email protected].

The following resources may also be useful:

Sylvan Barnett, A Short Guide to Writing About Art. 5-7th edition (New York: Harper-Collins, 1997)

William Strunk Jr., E.B. White. The Elements of Style. (New York: MacMillan Publishing) The Chicago Manual of Style, 15th  or 16th  ed.

SCHEDULE OF CLASSES

[NB: Only readings marked with an asterisk (“*”) are required reading, and must be included in    students’ annotated bibliographies.  Additional, recommended readings are listed below the titles for  each lecture or discussion section, and are not required for the annotated bibliography.  That said, any   student including more than ten recommended readings in an annotated bibliography may claim an extra credit bonus worth up to 5% on her/his final grade in the course.]

SECTION I: (RE)PRODUCING

WEEK 1: 11 January [NB: NO TUTORIAL DISCUSSION SECTIONS THIS WEEK] Introductory Lecture: Technical Origins of Architecture, or Mimesis

* Vitruvius, Ten Books on Architecture, trans. Morris Hickey Morgan (New York: Dover, 1917), book I, chaps. 1-2.

* Leon Battista Alberti, The Ten Books of Architecture [The 1755 Leoni Edition] (New York: Dover, 1986), Preface and Book I, chaps. 1-2.

Joseph Rykwert, On Adam’s House in Paradise: The Idea of the Primitive Hut in Architectural History, 2nd ed. (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1981), esp. chaps. 1, 4 and 5.

Abbé Marc-Antoine Laugier, An Essay on Architecture [1753, 1755], trans. Wolfgang and Anni Herrmann  (Los Angeles: Hennessey & Ingalls, 1977), esp. “Introduction” and “General Principles of Architecture,” pp 7-14.

C.P. Snow, The Two Cultures [Rede Lecture, 1959], 2nd  ed. (Cambridge, UK and New York: Cambridge University Press, 2008).

Thomas Pynchon, “Is it O.K. to be a Luddite?,” New York Times (28 October 1984), available at: http://www.nytimes.com/books/97/05/18/reviews/pynchon-luddite.html

Bernhard Siegert, “Introduction: Cultural Techniques, or, the End of the Intellectual Postwar in German

Media Theory,” in: Siegert, Cultural Techniques: Grids, Filters, Doors, and Other Articulations of the Real, trans. Geoffrey Winthrop-Young (New York: Fordham University Press, 2015).

WEEK 2: 18 January

Lecture: Planning, Printing, and Copying

* Alan Colquhoun, “Rationalism: A Philosophical Concept in Architecture,” in: Colquhoun, Modernity and the Classical Tradition: Architectural Essays 1980-1987 (Cambridge, MA and London: MIT Press, 1989), 57-87.

* Mario Carpo, Architecture in the Age of Printing: Orality, Writing, Typography, and Printed Images in the History of Architectural Theory (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2001), chap. 4 “Architectural Drawing in the   Age of Its Mechanical Reproduction.”

Walter Benjamin, The Work of Art in the Age of its Technological Reproducibility, and Other Writings on Media (Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2008).

Robin Evans, “Translations from Drawing to Building” [1986], in: Evans, Translations from Drawing to Building and Other Essays (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1997), 153-194.

Tutorial Discussion: “Reading” Plans, Sections and Elevations

* Rendow Yee, Architectural Drawing: A Visual Compendium of Types and Methods, 2nd  ed. (Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2003), chap. 4, “Conventional Orthogonal Terminology.”

WEEK 3: 25 January

Lecture: On Architectural Writing: Architectural Theory (Treatises and Manifestos), Criticism, and History

* Andrew Leach, What is Architectural History? (Cambridge, Oxford and Boston: Polity, 2010), chap. 1.

* Hanno-Walter Kruft, A History of Architectural Theory from Vitruvius to the Present, trans. Ronald Taylor, Elsie Callander and Antony Wood (Princeton, NJ: Princeton Architectural Press, 1994),

“Introduction: What is Architectural Theory?” pp. 13-19.

A.W.N. Pugin, Contrasts (Leicester, UK: Leicester University Press / New York: Humanities Press, 1969). Ulrich Conrads, ed., Programs and Manifestoes on 20th-Century Architecture, trans. Michael Bullock

(Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1971).

Charles Jencks and Karl Kropf, eds., Theories and Manifestoes of Contemporary Architecture, 2nd  ed. (Chichester, UK and Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Academy, 2006).

The Mark J. Millard Architectural Collection, 4 vols. (Washington, DC: National Gallery of Art; New York: George Braziller, 1993-2000).

Tutorial Discussion: Treatises and Manifestos

[NB: There is no specifically assigned reading for this class session; instead, students must find an

example of an architectural treatise or manifesto from the Shore + Moffat Library and bring either the

original or a copy to class to share with the discussion group.  Further instructions will be given out in the second week of class.]

WEEK 4: 1 February

Lecture: Industrialization

* Lewis Mumford, Technics and Civilization (New York et al: Harcourt, Brace & Co., 1934), 9-31, 153-178. Adam Smith, An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations [1776], available on-line via  the University of Toronto Libraries website in numerous editions.

Joseph Vogl, The Specter of Capital, trans. Joachim Redner and Robert Savage (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2014), esp. chap. 5 “Economic and Social Reproduction.”

John Brewer, The Sinews of Power: War, Money, and the English State,  1688-1783 (New York: Routledge, 1989).

Tutorial Discussion: Toward Automation and Autonomy?

* Sigfried Giedion, Mechanization Takes Command: A Contribution to Anonymous History (New York & London: W.W. Norton & Co., 1975), Part III: “Means of Mechanization,” pp. 46-129.

Daniel Bell, The Coming of Post-Industrial Society: A Venture in Social Forecasting [1973] (New York: Basic Books, 1999), esp. chaps. 1-3.

Ernest Mandel, Late Capitalism [2nd  ed., 1975] (New York and London: Verso, 1999).

David Harvey, The Condition of Postmodernity: An Enquiry into the Origins of Cultural Change (Cambridge, MA: Blackwell, 1990).

SECTION II: LIFTING

WEEK 5: 8 February

Lecture: On Walls and Openings

* Gottfried Semper, The Four Elements of Architecture and Other Writings, trans. Harry Francis Mallgrave and Wolfgang Herrmann (Cambridge, UK et al: Cambridge University Press, 2011), “The Four Elements   of Architecture” and “Science, Industry, and Art,” 74-167.

Robert Mark, ed., Architectural Technology up to the Scientific Revolution (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1993).

Tutorial Discussion: The Styles, and Tectonics

* Kenneth Frampton, Studies in Tectonic Culture: The Poetics of Construction in Nineteenth and

Twentieth Century Architecture (Cambridge, MA: 1995), “Introduction: Reflections on the Scope of the Tectonic,” pp. 1-28.

Harry Francis Mallgrave, “Introduction,” in: Gottfried Semper, Style. in the Technical and Tectonic Arts; or, Practical Aesthetics [orig. pulb. in 2v., 1860, 1863], ed. Harry Francis Mallgrave (Santa Monica: Getty,

2004), 1-70.

Alois Riegl, Problems of Style, trans. Evelyn Kain (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1993).

Meyer Schapiro, “Style,” in: A.L. Kroeber, ed., Anthropology Today (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1953).

Christopher S. Wood, “Introduction,” in: Wood, ed., The Vienna School Reader: Politics and Art Historical Method in the 1930s (New York: Zone Books, 2000).

WEEK 6: 15 February

Lecture: On the Intelligences of Materials, or Digging, Lifting and Shooting

* Georgius Agricola [Georg Bauer], De Re Metallica, trans. Herbert Clark Hoover and Lou Henry Hoover (New York: Dover, 1950), preface.

Matthew C. Hunter, Wicked Intelligence: Visual Art and the Science of Experiment in Restoration London (Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 2013).

Wolfgang Ernst, “Media Archaeography: Method and Machine versus History and Narrative of Media,” in: Erkki Huhtamo and Jussi Parikka, eds., Media Archaeology: Approaches, Applications, and Implications   (Berkeley, Los Angeles and London: University of California Press, 2011), 239-255.

Bernhard Siegert, Relays: Literature as an Epoch of the Postal System, trans. Kevin Repp (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1999).

Tutorial Discussion: Annotated Bibliography Workshop

[NB: There is no assigned reading for this session; please bring a hard copy of your annotated bibliography in progress to submit to your teaching assistant.]

22 February

NO LECTURE; READING WEEK

WEEK 7: 29 February

Lecture: On Tensions and Systems, from Iron Skeletons to Wetware

* Barry Bergdoll, European Architecture 1750-1890 (Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 2000), chap. 7 “New Technology and Architectural Form, 1851-90.”

Carl Condit, American Building Art, Vol I: The Nineteenth Century (New York: Oxford University Press, 1960), chap. 2 “Iron Framing” and chap. 4 “The Iron Bridge Truss,” pp. 25-74, 103-162.

Marshall McLuhan, Understanding Media: The Extensions of Man (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1964).

Konrad Wachsmann, The Turning Point in Building: Structure and Design (New York: Reinhold, 1961). Jesse Reiser, Atlas of Novel Tectonics (New York: Princeton Architectural Press, 2006).

Alexander Galloway, Protocol: How Control Exists after Decentralization (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2004).

Ludwig von Bertalanffy, General Systems Theory: Foundations, Development, Applications, 2nd  ed. (New York: George Braziller, 1968).

Norbert Wiener, The Human Use of Human Beings: Cybernetics and Society, 2nd  ed. (New York: Doubleday, 1954).

Tutorial Discussion: MIDTERM EXAM (NB: see description and rules in separate document posted on Quercus)

WEEK 8: 7 March

Lecture: On Environments and Ecologies

* Reyner Banham, “A Home is not a House,” Art in America (April 1965), pp. 109-118, repbul. with an introduction in: Joan Ockman and Edward Eigen, eds., Architecture Culture  1943-1968 (New York:

Columbia GSAPP / Rizzoli, 1993), pp. 370-378.

* Reyner Banham, The Architecture of the Well-Tempered Environment, 2nd  ed. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press / London: The Architectural Press, 1984), 18-70.

Georges Canguilhem, “The Living and Its Milieu,” Grey Room 3 (Spring 2001): 7-31.

Gottfried Wilhelm Freiherr von Leibniz, “Monadology” [1714], in: Leibniz, Philosophical Writings, ed.

G.H.R. Parkinson, trans. Marry Morris and G.H.R. Parkinson (London and Toronto: J.M. Dent & Sons, Ltd., 1973), pp. 179-194.

John Locke, An Essay Concerning Human Understanding, ed., Kenneth Winkler (Indianapolis and Cambridge: Hackett, 1996), pp. 33-46, 56-60, 69-78, 84-89.

Michel Foucault, The Order of Things: An Archaeology of the Human Sciences (New York: Vintage, 1973), esp. preface.

Leo Marx, The Machine in the Garden: Technology and the Pastoral Idea in America [1964] (New York: Oxford University Press, 2000).

Reinhold Martin, “Environment, ca. 1973,” Grey Room 14 (Winter 2004): 78-101.

Tutorial Discussion: Spaceship Earth

* Ian McHarg, Design with Nature (Garden City, NY: Natural History Press, 1969; reprinted New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1992), “Introduction,” “City and Countryside,” “The Plight,” “The Cast and the

Capsule,” x-6, 19-30, 43-54. [NB: The rest of the book is highly recommended!]

Richard Buckminster Fuller, Operating Manual for Spaceship Earth [1968] (Zürich: Lars Müller, 2008). Mark Wigley, Buckminster Fuller Inc.: Architecture in the Age of Radio (Zürich: Lars Müller, 2015).

SECTION III: DEPICTING

WEEK 9: 14 March

Lecture: Euclidean Geometry and the Exploitation of Orthographic and Perspectival Representational Systems

* Leon Battista Alberti, On Painting, trans. John R. Spencer (New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1966), orig. text only.

Noam Elcott, Artificial Darkness: An Obscure History of Media and Modern Art (Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 2016).

Reinhold Martin, “On Numbers, More or Less,” in: Matthew Poole and Manuel Shvartzerg, eds., The Politics of Parametricism: Digital Technologies in Architecture (London and New York: Bloomsbury   Academic, 2015), chap. 2.

Tutorial Discussion: Perpectives and Truth

* Erwin Panofsky, Perspective as Symbolic Form, trans. Christopher S. Wood (New York: Zone Books, 1993), 27-72.

Hubert Damisch, The Origin of Perspective, trans. John Goodman (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1995).

WEEK 10: 21 March

Lecture: The Orders, Ancient and Modern

* Claude Perrault, Ordonnance for the Five Kinds of Columns after the Method of the Ancient, trans. Indra

Kagis McEwen (Santa Monica, CA: Getty, 1993), original Perrault text only (avoid the introduction!).

Joseph Rykwert, The Dancing Column: On Order in Architecture (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1996).

Peter Blake, Form. Follows Fiasco: Why Modern Architecture Hasn’t Worked (Boston: Little, Brown, 1977).

Nader Vossoughian, “Standardization Reconsidered: Normierung in and after Ernst Neufert’s Bauentwurfslehre (1936),” Grey Room 54 (Winter 2014): 34-55.

Tutorial Discussion: Measuring

* Anthony Gerbino & Stephen Johnson, Compass & Rule: Architecture as Mathematical Practice in England (New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2009), chaps. 1-4.

SECTION IV: MOVING

WEEK 11: 28 March

Lecture: On Roads and Routes, Cities and Hinterlands

* J.P.M. Pannell, Man the Builder: An Illustrated History of Engineering (New York: Crescent Books, 1964), chap. 1 “Roads.”

* Robert S. Lopez, “The Crossroads Within the Wall,” in: Oscar Handlin and John Burchard, eds., The Historian and the City (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press and Harvard University Press, 1963), 27-43.

Carl E. Schorske, “The Idea of the City in European Thought: Voltaire to Spengler,” in: ibid. 95-114.

Walter Christaller, Central Places in Southern Germany, trans. Carlisle W. Baskin (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1966).

Tutorial Discussion: Cultural Exchange, Cultural Appropriation

* Fernand Braudel, Civilization & Capitalism,  15th-18th  Century, Volume 3: The Perspective of the World

[1979], trans. Siân Reynolds (Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1992), selections. Vilém Flusser, “The Gesture of Making,” in: Flusser, Gestures, trans. Nancy Ann Roth (Minneapolis and    London: University of Minnesota Press, 2014), 32-47.

WEEK 12: 4 April

Lecture: On the Corporate Form, and Lodging and Living in a Logistical World

* Hayden White, The Content of the Form. Narrative Discourse and Historical Representation (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1987), chap. 1 “The Value of Narrativity in the Representation of

Reality.”

* Jesse LeCavalier, The Rule of Logistics: Walmart and the Architecture of Fulfillment (Minneapolis and London: University of Minnesota Press, 2016), chap. 1 “Logistics: The First with the Most.”

Ronald H. Coase, “The Nature of the Firm (1937),” in: Coase, The Nature of the Firm: Origins, Evolution, and Development, ed. Oliver E. Williamson and Sidney G. Winter (New York: Oxford University Press,

1993).

Orit Halpern, Beautiful Data: A History of Vision and Reason since  1945 (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2014).

John Harwood, The Interface: IBM and the Transformation of Corporate Design,  1945-1976 (Minneapolis and London: University of Minnesota Press, 2011).

Peter Galison, Einstein’s Clocks, Poincaré’s Maps: Empires of Time (New York and London: W.W. Norton & Co., 2003), esp. chap. 3 “The Electric Worldmap.”

Vanessa Ogle, The Global Transformation of Time: 1870-1950 (Cambridge, MA and London: Harvard University Press, 2015).

Tutorial Discussion: Bartlebies?

* Herman Melville, “Bartleby, the Scrivener: A Story of Wall Street,” Putnam’s Magazine (November and December 1853), available at: http://ebooks.library.cornell.edu/cgi/t/text/pageviewer-

idx?c=putn;cc=putn;rgn=full%20text;idno=putn0002-5;didno=putn0002- 5;view=image;seq=0554;node=putn0002-5%3A15 and

http://ebooks.library.cornell.edu/cgi/t/text/pageviewer-idx?c=putn;cc=putn;rgn=full%20text;idno=putn0002- 6;didno=putn0002-6;view=image;seq=0617;node=putn0002-6%3A3

11 APRIL: ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY AND TWO PRÉCIS DUE.  [NB: They may be submitted earlier!  Please submit all work to your assigned teaching assistant via Quercus.]