代做Mathematics in Finance - Final Project调试R语言程序
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Due Thursday, May 9, 2024
All the exercises need to be well documented. Include the mathemtical reasoning, derivation as well as any code that you used.
Assume the following values when none is specified:
So = 100
σ = 20%
T = 1
K = 100
r = 5%
Exercise 0 - 0 points
This exercise will help you perform sanity checks for the other exercises.
1. Using the Black-Scholes-Merton formula, what is the price of the call option with the above character- istics? Its delta? Its theta? Its gamma?
2. What is the price of the forward contract with the above strike today? Its delta? Its theta? Its gamma?
Exercise 1 - BSM PDE - 4 × 5 points
1. Using an explicit schema, what is the price of a call option, its delta, gamma and theta at inception? Plot the values you get using different discretization steps.
2. Using an implicit schema, what is the price of a call option, its delta, gamma and theta at inception? Plot the values you get using di↵erent discretization steps.
3. Using a Crank-Nicolson schema, what is the price of a call option, its delta, gamma and theta at inception? Plot the values you get using different discretization steps.
4. If you use the same discretization steps, which method performs the best (compare with the values of exercise 0)
Exercise 2 - MC - 5 × 4 points
We assume the usual log-normal di↵usion in the risk-neutral measure:
St/dSt = r · dt + σ · dWtQ
1. Using the closed-form formula of ST , use Monte-Carlo to give the price, delta, gamma and theta of the call option? Plot the values you get as a function of the number of simulations.
2. Using a direct Euler schema, what is the price, delta, gamma and theta of the call option? Show the values you get using di↵erent discretization steps and different number of simulations.
3. Using a Milstein schema, what is the price, delta, gamma and theta of the call option? Show the values you get using di↵erent discretization steps and different number of simulations.
4. If you use the same discretization steps as well as the same number of simulations, which method performs the best?
5. Redo the above questions with the added condition that you simulate ln(St ) instead.
Exercise 3 - Back To The Forward - 10 + 10 + 0 points
1. Using a PDE schema of your choice, what are the price, delta, gamma and theta of the forward contract?
2. Using a Monte Carlo method of your choice, what is the price, delta, gamma and theta of the forward contract?
3. Compare with the values of exercise 0.
Exercise 4 - Spread Option - 10 × 2 points
We will add another stock to the mix with the following characteristics:
Xo = 90
σ = 30%
Assume the correlation
p = 50%
We want to value a spread option whose payoff is max(ST − XT − Kspread , 0) with Kspread = 8
1. Using a Monte Carlo method of your choice, what is the price, delta, gamma and theta of this derivative?
2. Plot how the price changes with different values of the correlation? Any intuitive explanation?
Exercise 5 - Dynamic Hedging In Action - 1+3 ⇥ 6+1 points
Assume your stock is driven by the following historical probability di↵usion:
St/dSt = µ · dt + σ · dWt
With µ = 7%. Let’s say you sold the call at inception using the BSM formula with the correct volatility and you are going to hedge your portfolio using the BSM delta.
1. What do you expect your final PnL to be ?
2. What is the distribution of your final PnL at maturity if you are performing a monthly hedge?
3. What is the distribution of your final PnL at maturity if you are performing a weekly hedge?
4. What is the distribution of your final PnL at maturity if you are performing a daily hedge?
5. Conclusion?