代做Principles of Health Data Analytics Assignment调试R语言程序

Principles of Health Data Analytics Assignment

Deadline for submission: April 30th  2025, 16:00

Provisional mark and feedback release date: May 31st  2024

Length: 2,500 words (excluding bibliographies, tables, appendices, pictures and graphs and associated captions).

Aim:  In  this  assignment  you  are   provided  with  a  ‘Case   Study’  comprising  a  short description of a problem faced by a walk-in clinic and a set of data about the clinic. You are asked to compare two proposed changes to the clinic staffing and assess the likely impact of each on specific operational outcomes. You are provided with a software tool that you can use, along with the synthetic data, both downloadable from the Moodle page, and the information provided in this briefing note, to model the clinic and the impact of changes to aspects of the clinic. Output from the model should allow the proposed changes to be assessed. Your submission should be in the form of a report presenting your results to key decision-makers who is not a data analyst, including appropriate recommendations that follow from the data analysis and an explanation of any assumptions and limitations of the work.

The assignment aims to assess your ability to: structure a problem, identify a model and assess its validity and reasonableness, and to analyse and present data and model output in a way tailored to inform decisions made by managers who are not specialists in data analysis.

Case Study: The Borchester Urgent Care Centre

A local commissioning group is reviewing the operation of a “24 hr walk-in” clinic for minor injuries / GP services. Managers have concerns about the way the clinic functions given the large fluctuations in demand: big queues can build up and sometimes people leave before being seen, likely attending the AE of the local hospital, while at other times doctors are left sitting idle. The commissioning group’s stated aim is to reduce queues but without too much clinician idle time. The two options identified are:

1) to add another member of staff to the team assessing and treating patients

2) to add a member of staff who would triage patients, so that some patients can be discharged more quickly.

You are asked to assess the impact of these on waiting times and staff utilisation in the clinic. Your model will need to include the following variables, which can be obtained from the data and information provided:

i) number of available staff

ii) mean rate at which new patients arrive over the period concerned

iii) mean duration of consultations

You should assess the impact of the two proposed interventions on:

(a) mean wait time

(b) mean queue length

(c) proportion of time each member of staff is engaged in assessing or treating patients (including completion of notes).

You will also need to consider how to model triage, e.g. how long does the triage process take? What proportion of patients is discharged or transferred at triage?

You may choose to restrict your attention to the performance of the clinic at peak times. Briefing

The Borchester Urgent Care Centre (UCC) is based in a former hospital building and is used to deliver a variety of community services. Borchester UCC provides treatment for any illnesses or injuries which aren’t life threatening, but still need treating quickly such as: minor head injuries, suspected broken bones and fractures, sprains, cuts and scrapes, bites, eye problems and rising temperatures. Staff at Borchester UCC are able to request X-rays and some other imaging investigations.

Staffing levels

The clinical staffing  at Borchester UCC consists of a GP and an emergency nurse practitioner at all times. The Emergency Nurse Practitioner works autonomously and can see a wide range of conditions. Consultant cover is provided by Borchester A&E department but because of other commitments is rarely physically based in the UCC.

Activity levels

Activity levels at the unit are, overall, lower than was anticipated when the unit was set up. Nevertheless there have been complaints that at certain times patients are faced with long queues and some choose to leave before being seen, often attending at the local A&E or making use of other out-of-hours services.

Triage

For options that incorporate use of a triage nurse, patients with cuts, grazes and bruises would be dealt with by the triage nurse and sent home and patients with circulatory or obstetric problems would be directed immediately to the local emergency department. Triage that does not involve any treatment is estimated to take five minutes on average.

Data

You are provided with a dataset containing information about the patients attending the clinic, including arrival time, time they are seen and discharged, problem, service time and any supplementary notes for the year 2024.

Report

Your submission should be in the form of a formal report of no more than 2,500 words in length and should include the following elements (the number of words are guidelines):

• Executive Summary ~250 words

This should be a short summary of the key elements of the report.

• Introduction ~500 words

The introduction should summarise the context of the work and justify the approach taken.

• Method ~750 words

The methods section should include a detailed account of how the data were used. A detailed account of the assumptions  made and of any values that  had to  be estimated should be part of this section.

• Results ~500 words

Results should be summarised clearly in words and, where appropriate, in a table or figure. Think about what form of presentation is most appropriate. Be careful not to include so much data or model output that your key messages are obscured.

• Discussion ~300 words

The discussion section should include a clear statement of what the limitations of the work are and a discussion of the results leading to the conclusion proposed in the recommendation section.

• Recommendations ~200 words

The option recommended must clearly stated and based on the analysis. Any risk associated with the recommended option and possible mitigation strategies should be presented as well.

Use of AI for the assessment

The assessment for PHDA falls in category 2 of the use of AI tools in assessment (the description of the different categories can be found here). You can use AI in an assistive role (e.g. proofreading, testing code), but the work and text that you submit must be your own. If you make use of AI tools, this should be declared in your report just as you will do with any other tool you use, e.g. Excel, Tableau, ...

Assessment Criteria

Section	Criteria	Total marks
Executive Summary	• Short and clear summary of the key findings of the report	5%
Introduction	• Evidence of knowledge on the clinical area and problem to be addressed • Motivation for the work is clearly articulated. • Justification for the approach taken is provided.	10%
Methods	• Evidence of a precise account of the methods used, and understanding of why such methods are appropriate to answer the clinical question. • Demonstrates an ability to evaluate the limitations/ assumptions of any methods used. • Sufficient detail is given to allow others to replicate the work.	25%
Results	• Ability to summarise results precisely • Demonstrates an ability to present and describe model outputs in a manner that would allow interpretation by a range of stakeholders. • Evidence of knowledge surrounding the principles of data visualisation where appropriate	20%
Discussion	• Ability to construct a coherent and clearly structured narrative to arrive at a decision based on data • Evidence of understanding the limitations of the work, including how such limitations might affect study results	20%
Recommendations	• Demonstrates an ability to translate analytical findings into recommendations for clinical practice • Identification of risks and how they are mitigated	10%
Presentation of the report	• Clarity of presentation (including appropriate use of appropriate, well-selected references) • Ability to present information using report format	10%